You would find that, because its diameter is one half of the circle's in the figure, it has to complete two full rotations to cover the same 4 inch line. Let's say that you had another circle whose diameter was 1.27 inches / 2 = 0.635 inches, and you rolled it in the same way as in this figure. The following figure shows how the circumference of a circle with a diameter of 1.27 inches is equal to a linear distance of 4 inches: Therefore, if you have a circle or a gear with a diameter of one inch, the circumference of that circle will be 3.14159 inches. Keep in mind that the circumference of a circle is equal to the diameter of the circle multiplied by Pi (Pi is equal to 3.14159.). Understanding the concept of the gear ratio is easy if you understand the concept of the circumference of a circle. You can see that if both gears had the same diameter, they would rotate at the same speed but in opposite directions. If you watch the figure you can see the ratio: Every time the larger gear goes around once, the smaller gear goes around twice. The gear ratio is therefore 2:1 (pronounced "two to one"). In this figure, the diameter of the gear on the left is twice that of the gear on the right. The fact that one gear is spinning twice as fast as the other results from the ratio between the gears, or the gear ratio (Check out our gear ratio chart for more info). In this figure, you can see that the two gears are rotating in opposite directions, that the smaller gear is spinning twice as fast as the larger gear, and that the axis of rotation of the smaller gear is to the right of the axis of rotation for the larger gear. You can see effects 1, 2 and 3 in the figure above. To keep the rotation of two axis synchronized.To move rotational motion to a different axis.To increase or decrease the speed of rotation.Gears are generally used for one of four different reasons: What all the different gears you see are doing. In this edition of How Stuff Works, you will learn about gears, gear ratios and gear trains so that you can understand Gears are everywhere where there are engines and motors producing rotational motion. You probably have a power meter on the side of your house, and if it has a see-through cover, you can see that it contains 10 or 15 gears. Wind-up, grandfather and pendulum clocks contain plenty of gears, especially if they have bells or chimes. If you ever open up a VCR and look inside, you will see it is full of gears. For example, car engines and transmissions contain lots of gears. You see gears in just about everything that has spinning parts.
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